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Trail-Making Test – Langensteinbach Version
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Please note that this product can only be administered if you have a valid Vienna Test System administration software license for VTS online or a local VTS version 8.0.00 or higher.

Field of Application+

NEURO
TRAFFIC
SPORT
HR

Detailed Description+

Assesses general neuropsychological functions such as visuomotor processing speed and cognitive flexibility.

The Trail Making Test is widely used internationally to investigate brain functioning. It consists of two parts. TMT-A is primarily a measure of processing speed, while TMT-B assesses higher cognitive abilities such as mental flexibility. In the TMT-L version a weakness in the original version has been corrected by equalizing the length of the pathways in the two parts of the test. In addition, the points to be highlighted lie within a particular radius and within an angle of vision that permits foveal recognition. As a result, performance in part B is not affected by greater visual search efforts and the working times can be more validly related to each other. The test’s usefulness as a clinical test of visuomotor processing speed and cognitive flexibility has been demonstrated for both neurological and psychiatric disorders. The test has been found to be sensitive to neurocognitive deficits, such as those that occur as a result of brain injuries and neurological disorders. It is therefore used for screening, for assessing neuropsychological deficits and for preparing therapeutic interventions.

Test forms+

S1: Parallel form
S2: Parallel form
S3: Parallel form
 

Task+

The test consists of two parts. In part A the numbers 1 to 25 appear on the screen in an apparently random arrangement. The respondent must tap or click on them in sequential order as quickly as possible, either tapping with the forefinger of the dominant hand or clicking with the mouse. Part B uses the numbers 1 to 13 and the letters A to L. These must be tapped or clicked alternately and in ascending order as quickly as possible,

Dimensions+

Executive functions

Cognitive abilities

Processing speed

Languages+

Hungarian

Turkish

Dutch

English (USA)

French

Italian

Portuguese

Swedish

Spanish

Greek

German

Farsi

Polish

Russian

Chinese

Czech

Hindi

Slovene

Duration+

approx. 2 minutes if both subtests are presented

Age+

Norms for ages 14+.

Test administration+

Controlled Mode

Proctored Mode


Products specifications
Languages Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English (USA), Farsi, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish
Test information wide norm spectrum <i class="fas fa-info-circle tooltips test-info" data-container="body" data-placement="top" data-toggle="tooltip" title="In tests with a wide norm spectrum the norms cover a wide age range (wider than ages 16-84), or multiple norm samples (at least two) are available."></i>, modular <i class="fas fa-info-circle tooltips test-info" data-container="body" data-placement="top" data-toggle="tooltip" title="A test is described as modular if the user can decide which scales or subtests are to be presented. "></i>, parallel test form <i class="fas fa-info-circle tooltips test-info" data-container="body" data-placement="top" data-toggle="tooltip" title="In tests with parallel forms at least one test form is available with content that is entirely equivalent to another form of the test. However, the parallel test forms use different item material."></i>, language-free item material <i class="fas fa-info-circle tooltips test-info" data-container="body" data-placement="top" data-toggle="tooltip" title="A test that uses language-free item material is one that can be worked by a respondent with no linguistic knowledge, provided that the instructions have been understood (for example with support from the test administrator)."></i>, links to CogniPlus <i class="fas fa-info-circle tooltips test-info" data-container="body" data-placement="top" data-toggle="tooltip" title="For tests that are linked to CogniPlus there is a CogniPlus training program specifically designed to train the ability measured by the test."></i>, high level of test security <i class="fas fa-info-circle tooltips test-info" data-container="body" data-placement="top" data-toggle="tooltip" title="A test has a high level of test security if steps have been taken to prevent disclosure of the answers or answer scheme. Examples of such steps include prevention of unsupervised online testing, the provision of parallel test forms and the use of objective personality tests and adaptive tests."></i>
Dimensions Executive functions, Cognitive abilities, Processing speed
Test type Special Ability Tests